Key indicators for Asia and te Pacific 2010/ Asian Development Bank

ISSN: 0116-3000.
Includes a special chapter in Part 1: The rise of Asia's middle class.

Contents
Foreword
Acknowledgments
Statistical Partners
Guide for Users
Highlights of Key Indicators 2010

PART I - SPECIAL CHAPTER
The Rise of Asia's Middle Class
1. Introduction.

2. Asia's Emerging Middle Class: Past, Present, and Future
A. Defining the Middle Class
B. The Size and Growth of Developing Asia's Middle Class
C. Results from Household Surveys in Selected Countries
D. The Role of Perception
E. Projections of the Size of the Asian Middle Class

3. The Middle Class and Their Values: A Profile
A. Profile of the Middle Class
B. Middle-Class Values

4. Determinants of Middle Class Emergence
A. Economic Growth and Income Distribution
B. Jobs and Education
C. Mobility and Vulnerability
D. Cross-Country Determinants of Middle-Class Growth

5. Implications of Middle-Class Growth
A. Expanding Markets for Consumer Durables
B. Frugal Innovation
C. Greater Accountability in Public Services
D. Economic Growth

6. Adverse Consequences of the Rise of the Asian Middle Class.
A. Environmental Stress
B. Health Burdens

7. Conclusion
References





Appendices
Appendix 1 Data Sources for Estimating the Size of the Asian Middle Class, 1990-2008
Appendix 2 Data Sources and Methodology for Projections to 2030
Appendix 3 Data Sample and Index Creation for World Values Survey Analysis
Appendix 4 Data Sources for Estimating the Cross-Country Determinants of
Per Capita Consumption Growth, 1985-2006
Appendix Tables
Appendix Table 1 Countries Included in Regional Aggregate Data
Appendix Table 2 Countries, Regions, and Sectors in Computable General Equilibrium
Model Used for Projections
Appendix Table 3 Composition of Values Indexes
Tables
Table 2.1 Summary Statistics of Population, Class Size, and Total Expenditures by Region
(1990 and 2008 based on household survey means)
Table 2.2 Summary Statistics of Population, Class Size, and Total Expenditures bv^^^^^
(1990 and 2008 National Account Means) ^
Table 2.3 Size of Middle Class by Country, Most Recent Survey Year
(based on household survey means)
Table 2.4 Changes in the Relative and Absolute Size of Middle Class, aiid Clhange^
Aggregate Monthly Expenditure of the Middle Class, by Country
(1990-2008, based on household survey means)
Table 2.5 Population Distribution (%) by Income Per Person Per Day (2()()5"$ ppp"
Table 2.6 Population Distribution (%) by Expenditure Per Person Per Day (2005 s'ppp^ Ind "
Table 2.7 Population Distribution (%) by Expenditure Per Person Per Day (2005 $ PPP
Table 2.8 Population Distribution (%) by Expenditure Per Person Per Day (2005 $ PPP p^
Table 2.9 Percentage Change in Aggregate Real Household Expenditures Between 201^3^'"^'
Baseline Consensus Growth Scenario 4030 for
Table 2.10 GDP Results (% change from baseline G1 in 2030)
Table 2.11 Real Aggregate Consumption Results (% change from basehneGrin 203m
Table 3.1 Population Distribution by Economic Group and Employment Type
(India, 2004-05; Philippines, 2006; and People's Republic of China 20021
Table 3.2 Hou.sehold Distribution (%) by Occupation of Chief Wage Earner and
Per Capita Expenditure Class, India (2004-05)
Table 3.3 Hoirsehold Distribution (%) by Occupation of Household Head and
Per Capita Expenditure Class, Philippines (2006)
Table 3.4 Household Distribution (%) by Occupation of Household Head and
Per Capita Income Class, People's Republic of China (2002)..
Table 3.5 Household Distribution (%) by Industry of Household Head and
Per Capita Expenditure Class, Indonesia (2009)
Table 3.6 Class Progres.sivity in Values Regressions
Table 4.1 Distribution of "Panel" Hoirseholds by Expenditure Class, Philinnines onm
Table 4.2 Distribution of Panel Hou.seholds Across Major Sources of Income, Philin '
Table 4.3 Probit Estimates of the Probability of Middle-Class Households in 2003 (2003 and 2006)
Moving into Poverty by 2006, Philippines
Table 4.4 Determinants of Changes in Size of the Middle Class Across Countries (1985-900^
Table 5.1 Distribution of Households by Class and by Ownership of Selected Durables ^
Table 5.2 Determinants of Growth in Per Capita Consumption Across Countries (1985-2on
Table 5.3 Determinants of Average Schooling Years Across Countries (1985-2006)
Table 6.1 Carbon Dioxide Emissions (1990 and 2004)
Figures
Figure 2.1
Figure 2.2
Figure 2.3
Figure 2.4
Figure 2.5
Figure 2.6
Figure 2.7
Figure 2.8
Figure 2.9
Figure 2.10
Figure 2.11
Figure 3.1
Figure 3.2
Figure 3.3
Figure 3.4
Figure 3.5
Figure 4.1
Figure 5.1
Figure 5.2
Figure 6.1
Figure 6.2
Figure 6.3
Change in Size of Middle Class By Region
(1990-2008, based on household survey means)
Share of Different World Regions in Global Middle Class and
Global Middle Class Consumption (2009, %)
Size of the Chinese Middle Class (1995-2007, million)
Size of the Indian Middle Class (1993-2004, million)
Size of the Indonesian Middle Class (1999 and 2009, million)
Size of the Philippine Middle Class (1988-2006, million)
Self Identification as Middle Class (2001-07)
Self Identification as Middle Class, PRC and India
Middle Class Emergence to 2030 (>$2.00 income per person per day)
Middle Class Emergence to 2030 (>$4.00 income per person per day)
Baseline Income Distributions for Consensus Real GDP Growth Trends
(% of population in each income group)
Average Hou.sehold Size by Per Capita Expenditure Class and Country
Mean Percentage Share of Household Expenditure Spent on Education and
Health by Per Capita Expenditure Class by Country, (2000-2004)
Occupation and Sector of Employment of the Middle Class (2001-07)
Education of the Self-Identified Middle Class (2001-07)
Differences in Values by Class Across Regions
Change in Poverty Across 116 Developing Countries by Poverty Line (1990-2005)
Ownership Rates of Selected Consumer Durables by Per Capita Expenditure Decile
Changes in the Size of the Middle Class against the Initial Level of Consumption Per Capita
(1985-2006)
Per capita Water Consumption (1997-2001, cubic meters)
Average Calorie and Fat Intake, India (1972-73 to 2004-05)
Diabetes Prevalence Worldwide (2010 and 2030. %)
Boxes
Box 1 Driving Rural Middle Class Growth: Township and Village Enterprises in the PRC
Box 2 Elite Formation in C^olonial India
Box 3 Migration, the Middle Class, and the Role of Remittances in Poverty Reduction
Box 4 The Middle Class and Sex Ratios at Birth
Box 5 Fostering a Middle Class—Korea's Economic Transition
Box 6 PRC, Indian Investment and Inheritance Patterns Raise Inequality Concerns
Box 7 Philippines Public Spending Apt to Benefit Middle Class over the Poor
Box Tables
Box Table 1.1 Employment and the Ri.se of TVEs in the Rural Areas, 1980-2008 (million)
Box Table 6.1 Patterns of Bequests
Box Table 6.2 Asset Portfolios and Debt Patterns
Box Figures
Box Figure 7.1 Proportion of Households that Have at Least One Member Who has Philhealth Coverage.


PART II - Millennium Development Goals
Introduction to the Millennium Development Goals
Goal 1: Eradicate Extreme Poverty and Hunger
Table 1.1 Target l.A: Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people
whose income is less than one dollar a day
Table 1.2 Target LB: Achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all,
including women and young people
Table 1.3 Target l.C: Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people
who suffer from hunger
Goal 2: Achieve Universal Primary Education
Table 2.1 Target 2.A: Ensure that, by 2015, children everywhere, boys and girls alike,
will be able to complete a full course of primary schooling
Goal 3: Promote Gender Equality and Empower Women
Table 3.1 Target 3.A: Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education,
preferably by 2005, and in all levels of education not later than 2015
Goal 4: Reduce Child Mortality .'
Table 4.1 Target 4.A: Reduce by two-thirds, between 1990 and 2015,
the under-five mortality rate
Goal 5: Improve Maternal Health
Table 5.1 Target 5.A: Reduce by three quarters, between 1990 and 2015,
the maternal mortality ratio
Table 5.2 Target 5.B: Achieve, by 2015, universal access to reproductive health
Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria, and Other Diseases
Table 6.1 forget 6.A: Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS
Table 6.2 Target 6.B: Achieve, by 2010, universal access to treatment for HlV/AlDS
for all those who need it
Table 6.3 Target 6.C: Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the incidence
of malaria and other major diseases
Goal 7: Ensure Environmental Sustainability
Table 7.1 Target 7.A: Integrate the principles of sustainable development into country policies
and programmes and reverse the loss of environmental resources
Table 7.2 Target 7.B: Reduce biodiversity loss, achieving, by 2010,
a significant reduction in the rate of loss
Table 7.3 Target 7.C: Halve, by 2015, the proportion of people without sustainable access
to safe drinking water and basic sanitation
Table 7.4 Target 7.D: By 2020, to have achieved a significant improvement in the lives
of at least 100 million slum dwellers
Goal 8: Develop a Global Partnership for Development
Table 8.1 Target 8.D: Deal comprehensively with the debt problems
of developing countries through national and inten nal measures
in order to make debt sustainable in the long term
Table 8.2 Target 8.F: In cooperation with the private sector, make available the benefits
of new technologies, especially information and communications
Millennium Development Goals—Figures
Figure 1.1
Figure 1.2
Figure 1.3
Figure 2.1
Figure 2.2
Figure 2.3
Figure 3.1
Figure 3.2
Figure 3.3
Figure 3.4
Figure 4.1
Figure 4.2
Figure 4.3
Figure 4.4
Figure 5.1
Figure 5.2
Figure 5.3
Figure 5.4
Figure 6.1
Figure 6.2
Figure 6.3
Figure 7.1
Figure 7.2
Figure 7.3
Figure 7.4
Figure 8.1
Figure 8.2
Figure 8.3
Economies with More than 10% of Population Living on Less than $1.25 a Day, Latest Year...
Economies with More than 10% of Population below the Minimal Level of Dietary
Consumption, Latest Year
Percentage of Own-Account and Contributing Family Workers in Total Employment
Total Net Enrollment Ratios in Primary Education, 1999 and 2008 or Nearest Year
Percentage of Children Starting Grade 1 and Reaching Last Grade of Primary,
1999 and 2007 or Nearest Year
Percentage of Literate 15-24 year olds by Gender, 2008 or Nearest Year
Primary Education Female-Male Enrollment Ratios, 2008 or Nearest Year
Secondary Education Female-Male Enrollment Ratios, 2008 or Nearest Year
Tertiary Education Eemale-Male Enrollment Ratios, 2008 or Nearest Year
Percentage of Seats Held by Women in National Parliaments, 2000 and 2010 or Nearest Year.
Under-Eive Mortality Rates, 1990 and 2008 (per 1,000 live births)
Infant Mortality Rates, 1990 and 2008 (per 1,000 live births)
Percentage of 1-Year-Old Children Immunized Against Measles, 2000 and 2008
Under-Eive Mortality Rates and Immunization Against Measles
Maternal Mortality Ratio, 2005 or Latest Year (per 100,000 live births)
Percentage of Births Attended by Skilled Health Personnel, 1995 and 2007 or Nearest Years...
Maternal Deaths and Births Attended by Skilled Health Personnel, 2007 or Latest Year
Percentage of Live Births with at Least One Antenatal Care Visit, Latest Year
Number of Adults Living witb HIV, 2007 (per thousand population)
Percentage of the Population with Advanced HIV Infection with Access
to Antiretroviral Drugs, 2006 and 2007
Death Rates As.sociated with Tuberculosis, 1990 and 2008 (per 100,000 population)
Percentage of Protected Terrestrial and Marine Areas, 1990 and 2009
Per Capita Emissions of Carbon Dioxide, 1990 and 2007 or Nearest Year (metric tons)
Per Capita Emissions of Carbon Dioxide in Live Industrialized Countries
and in the Live Most Populous Countries of Asia, 2007 (metric tons)
Percentage of the Total Population with Access to Improved Water and Sanitation,
2008 or Latest Year .\
Debt Service as a Percentage of Exports of Goods and Services,
1990, 2000, and 2008 or Nearest Years 1
Telephone Lines and Cellular Phone Subscriptions, 2009 or Latest Year (per 100 population).
Internet Users, 2009 (per 100 population)
Millennium Development Goals—Boxes
Box 1.1
Box 1.2
Box 2.1
Box 2.2
Box 3.1
Box 3.2
Box 3.3
Box 4.1
Box 4.2
Box 5.1
Box 5.2
Box 6.1
Box 7.1
Box 7,2
Progress toward Achieving the $1.25-a-day Target
Progress toward the Hunger Target
Progress toward Primary School Enrollment
Progress toward Survival to Last Grade of Primary
Progress toward Target for Gender Equality in Primary Education
Progress toward Target for Gender Equality in Secondary Education
Progress toward Target for Gender Equality in Tertiary Education
Progress toward Target for Under 5 Mortality Rate
Progress toward Target for Infant Mortality Rate
Progress toward Target of Birth Attendance by Skilled Health Personnel
Progress toward Target of at Least One Antenatal Care Visit
Incidence of Malaria, 2008 (per 100,000 population)
Progress toward Target for Proportion of Population with Access to Improved Drinking Water.
Progress toward Target for Proportion of Population Using Improved Sanitation Eacilities



PART III - Regional Tables
Introduction to Regional Tables
People
Population
Table 1.1 Midyear Population
Table 1.2 Growth Rates in Population
Table 1.3 Migration and Urbanization
Table 1.4 Population Aged 0-14 Years
Table 1.5 Population Aged 15-64 Years
Table 1.6 Population Aged 65 Years and Over
Table 1.7 Age Dependency Ratio
Labor Force and Employment
Table 1.8 Labor Force Participation Rate
Table 1.9 Unemployment Rate
Table 1.10 Unemployment Rate of 15-24-Year-Olds
Table 1.11 Employment in Agriculture
Table 1.12 Employment in Industry
Table 1.13 Employment in Services
Poverty Indicators
Table 1.14 Poverty and Inequality
Table 1.15 Human Development Index
Social Indicators
Table 1.16 Life Expectancy at Birth
Table 1.17 Births, Deaths, and Fertility
Table 1.18 Primary Education Completion Rate
Table 1.19 Adult Literacy Rate
Table 1.20 Education Resources
Table 1.21 Health Care Re.sources
Table 1.22 Estimated Number of Adults Living with HIV
Economy and Output
National Accounts ^
Table 2.1 Gross Dome.stic Product at PPP
Table 2.2 GDP Per Capita at PPP
Table 2.3 GNI Per Capita, Atlas Method
Table 2.4 Agriculture Value Added
Table 2.5 Industry Value Added
Table 2.6 Services Value Added
Table 2.7 Private Consumption Expenditure
Table 2.8 Government Consumption Expenditure
Table 2.9 Gross Domestic Capital Formation
Table 2.10 Exports of Goods and Services
Table 2.11 Imports of Goods and Services :
Table 2.12 Gross Domestic Saving
Table 2.13 Growth Rates of Real GDP
Table 2.14 Growth Rates of Real GDP Per Capita
Table 2.15 Growth Rates of Agriculture Real Value Added
Table 2.16 Growth Rates of Industry Real Value Added
Table 2.17 Growth Rates of Services Real Value Added
Table 2.18 Growth Rates of Real Private Consumption Expenditure
Table 2.19 Growth Rates of Real Government Consumption Expenditure.
Table 2.20 Growth Rates of Real Gross Domestic Capital Formation
Table 2.2 1 Growth Rates of Real Exports of Goods and Services
Table 2.22 Growth Rates of Real Imports of Goods and Services
Production
Table 2.23 Growth Rates of Agriculture Production Index
Table 2.24 Growth Rates of Manufacturing Production Index
Money, Finance, and Prices
Prices
Table 3.1 Growth Rates of Consumer Price Index
Table 3.2 Growth Rates of Food Consumer Price Index
Table 3.3 Growth Rates of Wholesale/Producer Price Index
Table 3.4 Growth Rates of GDP Deflator.
Money and Finance
Table 3.5 Growth Rates of Money Supply (M2)
Table 3.6 Money Supply (M2)
Table 3.7 Interest Rate on Savings Deposits
Table 3.8 Interest Rate on Time Deposits of 12 Months
Table 3.9 Lending Interest Rate
Table 3.10 Yield on Short-Term Treasury Bills
Table 3.11 Domestic Credit Provided by Banking Sector
Table 3.12 Bank Nonperfoming Loans
Table 3.13 Growth Rates of Stock Market Price Index
Table 3.14 Stock Market Capitalization (US$ million)
Table 3.15 Stock Market Capitalization (percent of GDP)
Exchange Rates
Table 3.16 Official Exchange Rate
Table 3.17 Purchasing Power Parity Conversion Factor
Table 3.18 Price Level Indexes
Globalization
Balance of Payments
Table 4.1 Trade in Goods Balance
Table 4.2 Trade in Services Balance
Table 4.3 Current Account Balance
Table 4.4 Workers' Remittances and Compensation of Employees, Receipts (US$ million)
Table 4.5 Workers' Remittances and Compensation of Employees, Receipts (percent of GDP)...
Table 4.6 Foreign Dirict Investment, Net Inflows (US$ million)
Table 4.7 Foreign Direct Investment, Net Inflows (percent of GDP)
External Trade
Table 4.8 Merchandise Exports
Table 4.9 Growth Rates of Merchandise Exports
Table 4.10 Merchandise Imports
Table 4.11 Growth Rates of Merchandise Imports
Table 4.12 Trade in Goods
Table 4.13 Direction of Trade: Merchandise Exports
Table 4.14 Direction of Trade: Merchandise Imports
International Reserves
Table 4.15 International Reserves
Table 4.16 Ratio of International Reserves to Imports
Capital Flows
Table 4.17 Official Flows from All Sources to Developing Member Countries
Table 4.18 Net Private Flows from All Sources to Developing Member Countries
Table 4.19 Aggiegate Net Resource Flows from All Sources to Developing Member Countries.
External Indebtedness
Table 4.20 Total External Debt of Developing Member Countries (US$ million)
Table 4.21 Total External Debt of Developing Member Countries (percent of GNI)
Table 4.22 Total External Debt of Developing Member Countries
(percent of exports of goods, services, and income)
Table 4.23 Total Debt Service Paid by Developing Member Countries (US$ million)
Table 4.24 Total Debt Service Paid by Developing Member Countries
(percent of exports of goods, services, and income)
Tourism
Table 4.25 International Tourists (thousand)
Table 4.26 International Tourism, Receipts (US$ million)
Transport, Electricity, and Communications
Transport
Table 5.1 Road Indicators
Table 5.2 Rail Indicators
Electricity
Table 5.3 Electricity Production and Sources
Table 5.4 Electricity Consumption and Electrification
Communications
Table 5.5 Computer and Broadband Indicators
Table 5.6 Expenditures on Information and Communications Technology
Energy and Environment
Energy
Table 6.1 GDP per Unit of Energy Use (constant 2005 PPP US$ per kilogram of oil equivalent)
Table 6.2 Energy Production (kilotons of oil equivalent)
Table 6.3 Energy Imports, Net (percent of energy use) ;
Environment
Table 6.4 Agriculture Land Use (percent of land area) ;
Table 6.5 Deforestation and Pollution
Government and Governance ;
Government Finance
Table 7.1 Fiscal Balance
Table 7.2 Tax Revenue ;
Table 7.3 Total Government Revenue (percent of GDP) ;
Table 7.4 Total Government Expenditure ;
Table 7.5 Government Expenditure on Education (percent of GDP) ;
Table 7.6 Government Expenditure on Health (percent of GDP) ;
Table 7.7 Government Expenditure on Social Security and Welfare (percent of GDP) ;
Governance
Table 7.8 Doing Business Start-Up Indicators ;
Table 7.9 Corruption Perceptions Index ;
Regional Tables—Figures
Figure 1.1 Percentage Distribution of Population by Region, 2009 1
Figure 1.2 Annual Percentage Growth of Population, 1990 and 2009 1
Figure I 3 Percentage of Population in Urban Areas, 1990 and 2009 or Latest Year ]
Figure 1.4 Number of Physicians per 1,000 Population, 1990 and 2007 or Nearest Year 1
Figure 1.5 Change in Life Expectancy at Birth (Years) 1990-2008 or Nearest Year 1
Figure 2.1 Percentage Distribution of GDP at PPP: Asia and Pacific Region in the World Economy, 2008 I
Figure 2.2 Percentage Distribution of GDP at PPP in the Asia and Pacific Region, 2009 1
Figure 2.3a Per Capita GDP in PPP Terms: Higher Income Economies.
2000 and 2009 (thousand, current international dollars) I
Figure 2.3b Per Capita GDP in PPP Terms: Lower Income Economies,
2000 and 2009 (thousand, current international dollars)
Figure 2.4 Top Twenty Economies in the World in Terms of GDP at PPP, 2008 (percent of global GDP)
Figure 2.5 Real GDP Growth, 2007, 2008, and 2009 (percent)
Figure 2.6 Exports of Goods and Services as a Percentage of GDP, 2007 and 2009
Figure 2.7 Private Consumption and Capital Formation as a Percentage of GDP,
Average of Latest Three Years
Figure 3.1 Consumer Price Indexes, 2008 and 2009 (annual percentage change)
Figure 3.2 Price Increases for All Items and Food Components, 2009 (annual percentage change)
Figure 3.3 Growth of Money Supply, 2008 and 2009
Figure 3.4 Bank Lending Rates, 2008 and 2009 (annual percentage interest rates)
Figure 3.5 Percentage Fall in Dollar Exchange Rates, 2009 Compared with 2008
Figure 3.6a Price Indexes of Five Major Stock Markets (based on stock market capitalization; 2000=100)....
Figure 3.6b Price Indexes of Five Smaller Stock Markets (based on stock market capitalization; 2000=100).
Figure 4. la Percentage Distribution of Merchandise Imports in the Asia and Pacific Region, 1995
Figure 4. lb Percentage Distribution of Merchandise Imports in the Asia and Pacific Region, 2009
Figure 4.2a Destination of Merchandise Exports, 2009 (percent)
Figure 4.2b Origin of Merchandise Imports, 2009 (percent)
Figure 4.3 Annual Growth in Merchandise Exports in US Dollars, 2007, 2008, and 2009 (percent)
Figure 4.4 Migrant Workers' Remittances as a Percent of GDP, 2008 and 2009
Figure 4.5a International Tourist Arrivals (thousands)
Figure 4.5b International Tourism Receipts (US$ million)
Figure 4.6 Net Inflows of Foreign Direct Investment, 2007 and 2009 (percent of GDP)
Figure 5.1 Distribution of Motor Vehicles in Asia and the Pacific, 2007 (percent)
Figure 5.2 Motor Vehicles per 1,000 People, 2007 or Latest Year
Figure 5.3 Average Annual Percentage Growth in Road Networks, 1990 to Latest Year
Figure 5.4 Average Annual Percentage Growth of Rail Networks,
1990 or Nearest Year to 2008 or Latest Year
Figure 5.5a Increase in Electricity Production (ratio: 2007/1990)
Figure 5.5b Sources of Electricity, 2007 (percentage distribution)
Figure 6.1a Percentage Breakdown of Energy Production by Region, 2007 (kiloton of oil equivalent)
Figure 6.1b Shares of Total Energy Production in the Asia and Pacific Region, 2000 and 2007
Figure 6.2 Net Energy Imports as Percent of Energy Use, Average, 2005-2007
Figure 6.3 GDP per Unit of Energy, 2000 and 2007 (constant 2005 PPP$ per kilogram of oil equivalent)....
Figure 6.4 Water Pollution: BOD in Kilograms per Day per Worker, 1990 and 2007 or Nearest Years
Figure 7.1 Fiscal Deficits as a Percentage of GDP, 2008 and 2009
Figure 7.2 Tax Revenue as a Percentage of GDP, 2008 and 2009 ;.
Figure 7.3 Government Expenditure on Education as a Percentage of GDP, 2008 and 2009
Figure 7.4 Government Expenditure on Social Security
and Welfare as a Percentage of GDP, 2008 and 2009
Figure 7.5 Number of Days Required to Register a Business, 2005 and 2009
Figure 7.6 Corruption Perceptions Index, 2005 and 2009
Regional Tables—Boxes
Box 1 What are Purchasing Power Parities?
Box 1.1 Asia and the Pacific Economies Ranked by the Human Development Index, 2007
(out of 182 economies)
Box 5.1 Estimated Number of Personal Computers per 100 Persons, 2008 or Latest Year
Box 6.1 Consumption of CFC, 2008 (ODP Metric Tons)



PART IV - Definitions
Millennium Development Goals,
Regional Tables