The standard of review in WTO dispute settlement: critique and development/ Ross Becroft

By:

Becroft, Ross

Material type:

9781781002230

Subject(s):

DDC classification:

382.92 BEC/S

Contents:

Machine generated contents note: 1.1. importance of WTO oversight of government trade measures -- 1.2. Conceptual foundations of standards of review -- 1.2.1. definition of standards of review -- 1.2.2. Types of standards -- 1.2.3. Review of facts versus law -- 1.2.4. Rationales for standards of review -- 1.2.5. Standards applied in other relevant jurisdictions -- A. Australia -- B. United States -- C. France -- D. European Court of Justice -- E. Selected international dispute settlement bodies -- F. Assessment of other legal systems -- 1.3. Application of standards of review in the WTO -- 1.3.1. Relevancy, definitions and application -- 1.3.2. Institutional considerations and limitations within the WTO system -- 1.3.3. Usefulness of the domestic law analogy -- 1.4. Argument, methodology and chapter outlines -- 1.4.1. Summary of argument -- 1.4.2. Methodology -- 1.4.3. Chapter outlines -- 2.1. Introduction -- 2.2. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1947 -- 2.2.1. GATT 1947 -- 2.2.2. Tokyo Round Codes -- 2.2.3. GATT panel decisions -- 2.3. Uruguay Round negotiations -- 2.4. World Trade Organization -- 2.4.1. Decisions prior to EC-Hormones -- 2.4.2. EC-Hormones -- 2.4.3. Post EC-Hormones -- 2.4.4. anti-dumping standard of review -- 2.5. Conclusion -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. Alternative standard of review models -- 3.2.1. sovereignty perspective and Chevron analogy -- 3.2.2. 'deliberation test' -- 3.2.3. 'reasonable regulator' test -- 3.2.4. De novo review -- 3.2.5. flexible standard of review -- 3.2.6. Other theoretical approaches: constitutionalization and harmonization -- 3.2.7. Deference based upon a 'margin of appreciation' or 'policy space' -- 3.3. Identification of principles for the development of a WTO standard of review -- 3.3.1. Relevant principles -- 3.3.2. Developing a standard that supports the key aims of WTO dispute settlement -- 3.3.3. Ensuring adjudicative legitimacy -- 3.3.4. Developing appropriate procedures -- A. Scope of fact-finding and expertise -- B. Efficiency -- C. Procedural fairness -- 3.4. Conclusion -- 4.1. Introduction -- 4.2. Features of a new general standard of review -- 4.2.1. requirement to examine all available and sufficient evidence -- 4.2.2. requirement to conduct a comprehensive review -- 4.2.3. Treatment of facts and law -- 4.3. Justifications for a new general standard of review -- 4.3.1. legal basis for developing a new standard of review -- 4.3.2. Assessment against relevant standard of review principles -- 4.3.3. Brief assessment against other standards of review -- 4.3.4. relationship with Article 17.6 of the Anti-Dumping Agreement -- 4.4. Conclusion -- 5.1. Introduction -- 5.2. application of a specific standard of review -- 5.2.1. threshold test for the modification of the general standard of review -- 5.2.2. method of construction of a specific standard of review -- 5.2.3. treatment of facts and law -- 5.3. Justifications for a specific standard of review -- 5.3.1. General arguments for and against a specific standard of review -- 5.3.2. legal basis for a specific standard of review -- 5.3.3. Assessment against relevant standard of review principles -- 5.3.4. Brief assessment against other standards of review -- 5.4. Conclusion -- 6.1. Introduction -- 6.2. Factual and legal issues in reviewing trade remedies -- 6.3. Anti-Dumping Agreement -- 6.3.1. Key concepts and obligations -- 6.3.2. role of Article 17.6 -- 6.3.3. application of the new standard to the Anti-Dumping Agreement -- 6.4. Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures -- 6.4.1. Key concepts and obligations -- 6.4.2. application of the new standard to the SCM Agreement -- 6.5. Safeguards Agreement -- 6.5.1. Key concepts and obligations -- 6.5.2. application of the new standard to the Safeguards Agreement -- 6.6. Comparison of the new standard with the current standard applied in trade remedy disputes -- 6.6.1. Anti-Dumping Agreement -- 6.6.2. SCM Agreement -- 6.6.3. Safeguards Agreement -- 6.7. Conclusion -- 7.1. Introduction -- 7.2. Uniformity of the standard of review in non-trade remedy agreements -- 7.3. agreement on sanitary and phytosanitary measures -- 7.3.1. Key concepts and obligations -- 7.3.2. application of the new standard to the SPS Agreement -- 7.4. agreement on technical barriers to trade -- 7.4.1. Key concepts and obligations -- 7.4.2. application of the new standard to the TBT Agreement -- 7.5. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994 -- 7.5.1. Key concepts and obligations -- 7.5.2. application of the new standard to GATT 1994 -- 7.6. Comparison of the new standard with the current standard applied to non-trade remedy disputes -- 7.6.1. SPS Agreement -- 7.6.2. TBT Agreement -- 7.6.3. GATT 1994 -- 7.7. Conclusion -- 8.1. Overview of this work -- 8.1.1. Critique and contentions -- 8.1.2. Summary of chapters -- 8.2. Directions for future research -- 8.3. significance of the standard of review issue for the WTO: concluding remarks.

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Holdings
Cover image	Item type	Current library	Home library	Collection	Shelving location	Call number	Materials specified	Vol info	URL	Copy number	Status	Notes	Date due	Barcode	Item holds	Item hold queue priority	Course reserves
	General Books	Central Library, Sikkim University General Book Section				382.92 BEC/S (Browse shelf(Opens below))					Available			P41073

Total holds: 0

Machine generated contents note: 1.1. importance of WTO oversight of government trade measures --
1.2. Conceptual foundations of standards of review --
1.2.1. definition of standards of review --
1.2.2. Types of standards --
1.2.3. Review of facts versus law --
1.2.4. Rationales for standards of review --
1.2.5. Standards applied in other relevant jurisdictions --
A. Australia --
B. United States --
C. France --
D. European Court of Justice --
E. Selected international dispute settlement bodies --
F. Assessment of other legal systems --
1.3. Application of standards of review in the WTO --
1.3.1. Relevancy, definitions and application --
1.3.2. Institutional considerations and limitations within the WTO system --
1.3.3. Usefulness of the domestic law analogy --
1.4. Argument, methodology and chapter outlines --
1.4.1. Summary of argument --
1.4.2. Methodology --
1.4.3. Chapter outlines --
2.1. Introduction --
2.2. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1947 --
2.2.1. GATT 1947 --
2.2.2. Tokyo Round Codes --
2.2.3. GATT panel decisions --
2.3. Uruguay Round negotiations --
2.4. World Trade Organization --
2.4.1. Decisions prior to EC-Hormones --
2.4.2. EC-Hormones --
2.4.3. Post EC-Hormones --
2.4.4. anti-dumping standard of review --
2.5. Conclusion --
3.1. Introduction --
3.2. Alternative standard of review models --
3.2.1. sovereignty perspective and Chevron analogy --
3.2.2. 'deliberation test' --
3.2.3. 'reasonable regulator' test --
3.2.4. De novo review --
3.2.5. flexible standard of review --
3.2.6. Other theoretical approaches: constitutionalization and harmonization --
3.2.7. Deference based upon a 'margin of appreciation' or 'policy space' --
3.3. Identification of principles for the development of a WTO standard of review --
3.3.1. Relevant principles --
3.3.2. Developing a standard that supports the key aims of WTO dispute settlement --
3.3.3. Ensuring adjudicative legitimacy --
3.3.4. Developing appropriate procedures --
A. Scope of fact-finding and expertise --
B. Efficiency --
C. Procedural fairness --
3.4. Conclusion --
4.1. Introduction --
4.2. Features of a new general standard of review --
4.2.1. requirement to examine all available and sufficient evidence --
4.2.2. requirement to conduct a comprehensive review --
4.2.3. Treatment of facts and law --
4.3. Justifications for a new general standard of review --
4.3.1. legal basis for developing a new standard of review --
4.3.2. Assessment against relevant standard of review principles --
4.3.3. Brief assessment against other standards of review --
4.3.4. relationship with Article 17.6 of the Anti-Dumping Agreement --
4.4. Conclusion --
5.1. Introduction --
5.2. application of a specific standard of review --
5.2.1. threshold test for the modification of the general standard of review --
5.2.2. method of construction of a specific standard of review --
5.2.3. treatment of facts and law --
5.3. Justifications for a specific standard of review --
5.3.1. General arguments for and against a specific standard of review --
5.3.2. legal basis for a specific standard of review --
5.3.3. Assessment against relevant standard of review principles --
5.3.4. Brief assessment against other standards of review --
5.4. Conclusion --
6.1. Introduction --
6.2. Factual and legal issues in reviewing trade remedies --
6.3. Anti-Dumping Agreement --
6.3.1. Key concepts and obligations --
6.3.2. role of Article 17.6 --
6.3.3. application of the new standard to the Anti-Dumping Agreement --
6.4. Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures --
6.4.1. Key concepts and obligations --
6.4.2. application of the new standard to the SCM Agreement --
6.5. Safeguards Agreement --
6.5.1. Key concepts and obligations --
6.5.2. application of the new standard to the Safeguards Agreement --
6.6. Comparison of the new standard with the current standard applied in trade remedy disputes --
6.6.1. Anti-Dumping Agreement --
6.6.2. SCM Agreement --
6.6.3. Safeguards Agreement --
6.7. Conclusion --
7.1. Introduction --
7.2. Uniformity of the standard of review in non-trade remedy agreements --
7.3. agreement on sanitary and phytosanitary measures --
7.3.1. Key concepts and obligations --
7.3.2. application of the new standard to the SPS Agreement --
7.4. agreement on technical barriers to trade --
7.4.1. Key concepts and obligations --
7.4.2. application of the new standard to the TBT Agreement --
7.5. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994 --
7.5.1. Key concepts and obligations --
7.5.2. application of the new standard to GATT 1994 --
7.6. Comparison of the new standard with the current standard applied to non-trade remedy disputes --
7.6.1. SPS Agreement --
7.6.2. TBT Agreement --
7.6.3. GATT 1994 --
7.7. Conclusion --
8.1. Overview of this work --
8.1.1. Critique and contentions --
8.1.2. Summary of chapters --
8.2. Directions for future research --
8.3. significance of the standard of review issue for the WTO: concluding remarks.

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