The new nature of history: knowledge, evidence, language /
Arthur Marwick
- Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave, 2001.
- xvi, 334 p.; 24 cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Preface 1 Introduction: The Battle of Basic Assumptions 1 Stating my Position 2 Eight Battlegrounds Metaphysical, Nomothetic and Ontological Approaches Radical Politics - or just Nihilism? The Nature of Societies; Past, Present and Future The Cultural Construction of Knowledge - and Everything Else Language: History a Branch of Literature? Textuality - the Alleged Existence Thereof Disagreements Among Historians What Precisely is the Danger? 2 History: Essential Knowledge about the Past 1 The Past, History, and Sources The Past Primary and Secondary Sources Defining ’History’ and ’Historiography’ 2 The Necessity for History History: A Social Necessity Other Justifications for History 3 The auteur Theory of History and the Question of Subjectivity The Historian as auteur Relativism: R. G. Collingwood The Subjectivity Question 3 How the Discipline of History Evolved: From Thucydides to Langlois and Seignobos 1 From Ancient Athens to the Enlightenment The Exemplar History of the Ancients The Medieval Chronicles Renaissance Histories and Ancillary Techniques The Enlightenment 2 Ranke: His Disciples and his Critics Vico and Herder Ranke and Niebuhr Mommsen and Burckhardt Thierry, Michelet and de Tocqueville 3 Positivism and Marxism Comte Marx Fustel de Coulanges 4 Anglo-Saxon Attitudes Macaulay and the Whig Historians Bishop Stubbs From Freeman to Tout and Acton The United States 5 The End of the Century Five Major Issues Scientific History? Langlois and Seignobos History as Literature 4 How the Discipline of History Evolved: Through the Twentieth into the Twenty-First Century 1 ’New’ History The Three ’New Histories’ American ’New History’ Founders of the Annales School; Febvre and Bloch Pirerme, Labrousse, Lefebvre Bloch’s The Historian’s Craft 2 The Rise of the Sub-Histories Meinecke, Chabod and Ritter Early Labour and Economic Histories in Britain Mcllwain, Namier and Elton 3 Latter-day Marxism and Past and Present British Marxist Historiographers: Tosh and Carr The Frankfurt School and Structuralism: TTie Cross-Fertilisation of Marxism ’Western Marxism’ and the Study of the French Revolution The British Marxists The American Marxists Jurgen Kocka 4 Annales: The Second and Third Generations Braudel Annales: The Third Generation 5 New Economic History, New Social History, History of Science, New Cultural History New Economic History Historical Demography, Urban History, History of the Family, of Childhood and of Death Feminist History: History of Women The History of Science, Medicine and Technology New Social History The ’HistorikerstreW New Cultural History Natalie Zemon Davis The Cambridge Connection Microhistory: Menocchio the Miller Chartier 6 The Start of a New Century: Nothing Ruled Out 5 The Historian at Work: Forget ’Facts’, Foreground Sources 1 ’Facts’ 2 Primary and Secondary Sources Vive la difference! The Hierarchy of Primary Sources; Bibliographies Relationship Between-Primary and Secondary Sources: Footnotes Integrating Primary and Secondary Sources: Strategy 3 The Immense Variety of Primary Sources Strengths and Weaknesses of Different Types of Primary Sources A Taxonomy of Primary Sources 4 Witting and Unwitting Testimony 5 A Catechism for the Analysis, Evaluation and Use of Primary Sources The Catechism Practising on One Example 6 The Arts as Sources Use and Abuse of the Arts Art as a Source 6 The Historian at Work: The Communication of Historical Knowledge 1 The Ftmdamentals of Good Writing Different Levels of Communication and the Basic Skill of Writing Writing a Paragraph Writing a Thesis or Book 2 Explanation, Periodisation, and Structure Analysis Causes and Outcomes: The Elton Model Hierarchy of Explanatory Factors Structure Two Examples of Structures 3 Comparative History 4 Concepts and Cliches Cliches Concepts ’Gender’, ’Patriarchy’, ’Moral Panics’, and so on ’Culture’ and ’Cultural’ ’Class’ and ’State’ Revisionism 5 Quotations and Scholarly Apparatus Use of Quotation Identifying Quotations: Footnotes Bibliographies 6 Types of Historical Communication: From Scholarly Monograph to Museums, Films and Television Levels of Historical Communication: ’Public History’ The PhD Thesis or Dissertation Monographs and Learned Articles The Scholarly Synthesis Textbooks Pop History Some Examples of Public History Television History Feature Films 7 Theory, the Sciences, the Humanities 1 History, Theory, the Sciences Sokal and Bricmont The Nature of Scientific Theory History and the Sciences History as an Autonomous Discipline Postmodernist Metaphysics Foucault Compromising with Postmodernism 2 History, Sociobiology, Social Sciences and Humanities Evolutionary Psychology Economics, Political Science, Social Psychology History’s Place in the University 8 Conclusion: Crisis, What Crisis? Appendix A: An Example of Learning Outcomes for a History Degree 1 Knowledge and Understanding 2 Key Skills 3 Cognitive Skills 4 Professional and Practical Skills Appendix B: Examples of Aims and Objectives 1 Aims of the Open University Course Total War and Social Change: Europe 1914r-1955 2 Objectives for Unit 13, ’Challenges to Central Government, 1660s to 1714’, from the Open University Course Princes and Peoples: The British Isles and France c. 1630-1714 Appendix C: Writing History 1 Planning a History Essay 2 Guidance on Writing an Essay 3 A Brief Guide to Referencing for Historians (by Armika Mombauer)