TY - GEN AU - Williams, David A. AU - Cecchi-Pestellini, C. TI - The chemistry of cosmic dust SN - 9781782620471 U1 - 523.1125 PY - 2016/// CY - UK PB - Royal Society of Chemistry KW - Cosmic dust. Cosmochemistry. Science -- Astronomy N1 - Chapter 1 -- Dust-Related Chemistry in Space; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Interstellar Dust -- A Brief History; 1.2.1 Observations; 1.2.2 Inferences; 1.3 Why is Dust Important; 1.4 What is in This Book; 1.5 The Interstellar Medium of the Milky Way; 1.6 Physical Units in This Book; Further Reading; Section I -- Defining the Chemical and Physical Nature of Interstellar Dust; Chapter 2 -- Remote Observations of Interstellar Dust; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Observational Phenomena Related to Interstellar Dust; 2.2.1 Interstellar Extinction. 2.2.2 Interstellar Polarization2.2.3 Spectroscopy in the Interstellar Medium; 2.2.3.1 Absorption Features in the Interstellar Extinction Curves in Diffuse Interstellar Gas; 2.2.3.2 Absorption Features in the Interstellar Extinction Curves in Dense Interstellar Gas; 2.2.3.3 Emission Bands in the Interstellar Medium; 2.2.4 Scattering by Dust Grains; 2.2.5 Continuum Emission; 2.2.5.1 Continuum Emission in the Far-Infrared; 2.2.5.2 Continuum Emission in the Visual and Near-Infrared; 2.2.5.3 Continuum Emission in the Centimetre Wavelength Range; 2.2.6 Depletions; 2.3 Conclusions; Further Reading. Chapter 3 -- Models of Interstellar Dust3.1 From Data to Models; 3.2 The model of Bruce Draine and His Collaborators; 3.3 Composite Dust Grains; 3.3.1 The "Unified" Model; 3.3.2 The "Holistic" Model; 3.4 Conclusions: Implications for Interstellar Surface Chemistry; Further Reading; Chapter 4 -- Laboratory Studies of Candidate Interstellar Dust Materials; 4.1 Terrestrial Replicas of Interstellar Dust Grains; 4.1.1 Structures of Silicates and Carbons; 4.2 Silicates; 4.2.1 Synthesis of Silicate Dust Analogues; 4.2.2 Processing of Silicate Dust Analogues; 4.3 Production of Carbon Dust Analogues. 4.4 Optical Constants of Dust AnaloguesFurther Reading; Section II -- The Formation of Dust and Its Evolution in the Interstellar Media of Galaxies; Chapter 5 -- Dust Formation in Stellar Environments; 5.1 The Origins of Interstellar Dust: Introduction; 5.2 Dust Formation in AGB Stars; 5.2.1 Elemental Abundances in the Atmospheres of AGB Stars; 5.2.2 Chemical Composition of the Stellar Atmosphere; 5.2.3 Dust Formation in the Stellar Outflow; 5.2.3.1 Nucleation; 5.2.3.2 Growth of Dust Grains; 5.3 Dust Formation in Supernovae; 5.3.1 Supernovae; 5.3.2 The Formation of Dust in Supernovae. 5.3.3 Injection of Supernova Dust into the Interstellar Medium5.4 Dust Formation in Novae; 5.4.1 Novae; 5.4.2 Dust Formation; 5.5 Conclusions; Further Reading; Chapter 6 -- Dust Evolution in the Interstellar Medium; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Disruption and Destruction of Dust Grains in Interstellar Shocks; 6.2.1 Model Predictions; 6.2.2 Implications for Surface Chemistry of the Jones et al. Model of Grain Destruction in Shocks; 6.3 Response of Dust to Electromagnetic Radiation; 6.3.1 Carbonaceous Dust; 6.3.2 Consequences of the Unified Model for Surface Chemistry ER -