1. Introduction to Anthropology.2. Heredity and Evolution. 3. The Development of Evolutionary Theory. 4. Modern Human Variation and Adaptation. 5. Macroevolution: Processes of Vertebrate and Mammalian Evolution. 6. An Overview of the Primates. 7. Primate Behavior. 8. Understanding the Past: Archaeological and Paleoanthropological Methods. 9. Hominin Origins. 10. The First Dispersal of the Genus Homo: Homo erectus and Contemporaries. 11. Premodern Humans. 12. The Origin and Dispersal of Modern Humans. 13. Early Holocene Hunters and Gatherers. 14. Food Production. 15. The First Civilizations. 16. Conclusion.