The medium format advanage/
Wildi, Ernst
- 2nd.ed.
- Boston: focal press, 2001.
- 252 p.
Chapter 2 The History of Medium Format The Medium Format Advantages Image Sharpness 7 Image Evaluation 9 Focusing Screen 11 Cropping 12 Film Changing 13 Instant Photography and Electronic Imaging 14 Shutters 15 Camera Size and Operation 16 Chapter 3 Image Formats Selecting the Format 17 Comparing Formats 26 Image Sharpness 27 Other Medium Formats 29 35 mm in the Medium Format Camera 30 Chapter 4 Films and Film Loading General Comments 31 Color Negative and Color Transparency Film 34 Roll Film 35 Sheet Film 37 Instant Film 37 Film Loading 40 Operating Signals 43 Chapter 5 Camera Types Single Lens Reflex Cameras 45 Twin Lens Reflex Cameras 50 Rangefinder Cameras 52 Wide Angle Cameras 53 Panoramic Cameras 53 Press Cameras 54 Cameras with Swing and Tilt Control 54 Studio Cameras 54 Motor Drives 54 Chapter 6 Shutters Focal Plane Shutters 59 Lens Shutters 62 Operating the Cameras 63 Chapter 7 Image Quality Handheld or Tripod 67 Handheld Photography 68 Camera Use and Operation on a Tripod 70 Selecting a Tripod 72 Monopods 74 Chapter 8 Lens Design and Performance Lens Cost 77 Focal Length 78 Angle of View 79 Area Coverage 80 Covering Power 82 Lens Aperture 82 Lens Names and Engravings 83 Telephoto Lens Design 84 Wide Angle Lens Designs 86 Characteristics and Use of Teleconverters 89 Zoom Lenses 90 Makro Lenses 92 Soft Focus Lenses 93 Lens Quality 94 Lens Flare and Multicoating 98 Relative Illuminance 99 Color Rendition 101 Image Distortions 102 45 59 67 77 Chapter 9 Lens Controls for Creating Images Area Coverage 107 Perspective 107 Selective Backgrounds 111 Slanted Verticals 114 Creating Images with Zoom Lenses 116 Fish-Eye Lens Photography 117 Depth of Field 118 Increasing the Sharpness Range 123 Creative Use of Lens Aperture 126 Action and Shutter Speed 128 Chapter 10 Creating the Image in the Viewfinder Optical Viewfinders 133 Rangefinder Focusing 134 Automatic Focusing 134 Focusing Screens 135 Viewfinders 138 Image Evaluation 142 Leveling the Camera 143 Image Composition 143 Chapter 11 Exposure and Metering Modes Lens Aperture 147 Shutter Speed 148 Exposure Values 148 Film Sensitivity 149 Determining Lens Settings 149 Metering Methods 150 Meters as Part of the Ccimera System 151 Using the Reflected Meter 156 Shaded and Lighted Areas 160 Bracketing 161 Special Exposure Situations 163 Other Uses of Meters and Gray Cards 164 Chapter 12 Medium Format Flash Photography Flash Synchronization 167 Flash Unit Size and Batteries 168 Light Output and Guide Numbers 168 Covering Power 169 Ready Light and Exposure Signal 169 Use and Placement of the Flash Unit 170 Operating the Portable Flash Unit 173 viii Contents Making the Existing Light Part of the Picture 176 Other Exposure Considerations 179 Other Flash Applications 181 Chapter 13 Close-Up Photography Camera Designs 183 Lenses for Close-Up Photography 184 Close-Up Accessories 185 Magnification 185 Close-Up Lenses 186 Extension Tubes and Bellows 187 Photographing Subjects Life Sized 190 Depth of Field 191 Exposure 192 Chapter 14 Filters for Better Image Quality Exposure Increase 195 Filters as Lens Protection 196 Haze and Ultraviolet Filters 196 Neutral Density Filters 196 Filters for Black-and-White Photography 197 Color Quality of Light 198 Filters for Color Photography 199 Polarizing Filters 200 Partial Filters 205 Quality of Filters 206 Filter Maintenance 206 Chapter 15 Digital Imaging in the Medium Format The New Possibilities 207 Selecting Digital Equipment 209 Selecting Lenses for Electronic Imaging 211 Chapter 16 Applications and Specialized Fields ofPhotography Wildlife and Bird Photography 213 Nature Photography 214 Outdoor Scenery 214 High Magnification Photography 215 Photography Through the Microscope 217 Aerial Photography 219 Architectural Photography 219