Basic financial accounting for management/
Paresh Shah.
- New Delhi ; New York : Oxford University Press, 2007.
- xv, 594 p. : ill. ; 25 cm.
Part I Fundamentals of Accounting
1. Basic Understanding of Accounting 3 Introduction 3 Bookkeeping 5 Functions of Accounting 6 Objectives of Accounting 6 Users of Accounting Information 7 Limitations of Accounting 8 Kind of Accounting Activities 9 The Cyclical Nature of Business 10 The Accounting Equation 11 Accounting Events and Transactions 12 Accounting Methods 13 Relationship of Accounting with Other Disciplines 13 The Role and Activities of an Accountant 15 Accounting Personnel 16 The Nature of the Accounting Function 20 The Organizational Structure of Accounting and Finance Department 21
3. Income Statement 37 Introduction 37 Accounting Concepts 38 Contents of Income Statement 40 Presentation of Income Statements 42 Relationship between Balance Sheet and Income Statement 43
5. Revenue and Expense Recognition 74 Introduction 74 Revenues 74 Expenses 79 Expense Measurement 81 Revenue Expense as Capital Expense 82 Assets as Expenses 82
6. Accounting for Business Transactions 95 Introduction 95 Mechanics of Accounting 96 Voucher System 97 Journal Proper or Books of Original Entry 97 Ledger 102 Relationship Between Books of Original Entry and Ledger 103 The Account 704 Types of Accounts 113 Posting 116 Balancing an Account 117 Trial Balance 117 Errors in Accounting 126 Suspense Account 127 Distinction Between Subsidiary and Principal Books 128
7. Fixed Assets and Depreciation 149 Introduction 149 Acquisition Cost of Fixed Assets 149 Revaluation of Assets 150 Depletion Cost 151 Amortization Cost 152 Depreciation Expenses 152 Depreciation Methods 155 Selection of Depreciation Method 171 Recording Depreciation 171 Depreciation Impact on Profit Measurement 174
8. Inventory Valuation 198 Introduction 198 Objectives of Inventory Measurement 199 Controlling Inventories 199 Costing Inventories or Inventories Pricing 201 Departures From the Cost Concept 206 Valuation of Stock and final Accounts 207 Accounting for Changing Prices 209
9. Average Due Date, Account Current, and Negotiable Instruments 226 Average Due Date 226 Account Current 234 Negotiable Instruments 236
Part III Preparation of Financial Statements
10. Bank Reconciliation Statement 263 Introduction 263 Meaning and Objective of a Bank Reconciliation Statement 264 Need for the Bank Reconciliation Statement 265 Causes of Difference 265 Preparing a Bank Reconciliation Statement 266
11. Preparation of Financial Statements 285 Introduction 285 Types of Adjusting Entries 285 Closing Entries 291 WorkSheet 293 Cost of Goods Sold 293 Trading Account 296 Profit and Loss Account 298 Balance Sheet 300 Profit and Loss Account and Balance Sheet: The Linkage 304
12. Accounting from Incomplete Records 349 Introduction 349 Difference Between Double-Entry System And Single-Entry System 350 Advantages of Single-entry System 357 Disadvantages of Single-entry System 352 Computation of Profit or Loss 352
Part IV Analytical Accounting
13. Analysis and Interpretation of Financial Statements 381 Introduction 381 Types of Financial Statements 382 Analysis and Interpretation of Financial Statements 383 Comparative Financial Statements 393 Common Size Statements 399 Trend Analysis 404 Ratio Analysis 408
14. Cash Flow Statement 441 Introduction 441 Cash Flows 441 Format of Cash Flow Statement 443
Part V Special Topics 15. Legal and Regulatory Framework of Accounting and Auditing 457 Introduction 457 Accounting Standards 457 Limited Liability Companies 458 Corporate Governance 468 Audit 471
16. Company Accounts 485 Introduction 485 Nature of Company 485 Characteristics of a Company 486 Types of Companies 487 Share Capital of a Company 489 Shares of a Company 491 Issue of Shares 493 Employee Stock Option Plan 505 Private Placement of Shares 508 Buyback of Shares 509 Disclosure of Share Capital in Corporate Balance Sheet 510 Debentures 512 Final Accounts 529 Company's Balance Sheet and a Firm's Balance Sheet 529 Form of Profit and Loss Account 530 Form of Preparing a Balance Sheet 530
17. Foreign Exchange Accounting 542 Introduction 542 Exchange Rates And Currency Transactions 543 Translation 545 Accounting Standard 546 Relevant Terms 546 Exchange Gain/Loss 548 Provision For Changes In Exchange Rates 550 Forward Exchange Rate 556 Hedging Transactions 560 Depreciation 562 Translations of Foreign Currency 563 Net Investment in Foreign Equity 564 Foreign Branch Accounts 565