Environmental values/
John D'Neill
- London: Routledge, 2008.
- 233 p. PB
Chapter 1 Values and the environment Environments and values Living from the world Living in the world Living with the world Addressing value conflicts Value conflicts The distribution of goods and harms Addressing conflicts Part One Utilitarian approaches to environmental decision making Chapter 2 Human well-being and the natural world Introduction Welfare: hedonism, preferences and objective lists The hedonistic account of well-being Bentham and the felicific calculus John Stuart Mill Preference utilitarianism Objectivist accounts of welfare Whose well-being counts? Making comparisons: utilitarianism, economics and efficiency Chapter 3 Consequentialism and its critics Introduction Consequentialism pennits too much What is the problem with consequentialism? The moral standing of individuals Rights, conflicts and community Consequentialism demands too much What is the problem with consequentialism? Agent-based restrictions on action Virtues and environmental concern Consequentialist responses Indirect utilitarianism Extend the account of the good Ethical pluralism and the limits of theory Chapter 4 Equality, justice and environment Utilitarianism and distribution Equality in moral standing Indirect utilitarian arguments for distributive equality Economics, efficiency and equality Willingness to pay The Kaldor-Hicks compensation test Discounting the future Egalitarian ethics Consequentialism without maximisation The priority view Telic egalitarianism Deontological responses Community, character and equality Equality of what? Chapter 5 Value pluralism, value commensurability and environmental choice Value monism Value pluralism Trading-off values Constitutive incommensurabilities Value pluralism, consequentialism, and the alternatives Structural pluralism Choice without commensurability What can we expect from a theory of rational choice? Part Two A new environmental ethic? Chapter 6 The moral considerability of the non-human world New ethics for old? Moral considerability Extending the boundaries of moral considerability New theories for old? Chapter 7 Environment, meta-ethics and intrinsic value Meta-ethics and nonnative ethics Intrinsic value Is the rejection of meta-ethical realism compatible with an environmental ethic? Objective value and the flourishing of living things Environmental ethics tlirough thick and thin Chapter 8 Nature and the natural Valuing the 'natural' The complexity of 'nature' Some distinctions Natural and artificial Natural and cultural Nature as wilderness The value of natural things Nature conservation A paradox? On restoring the value of nature Restitutive ecology History, narrative and environmental goods Part Three The narratives of nature Chapter 9 Nature and narrative Three walks History and processes as sources of value Going back to nature? Old worlds and new Narrative and nature Chapter 10 Biodiversity: biology as biography The itemising approach to environmental values The nature of biodiversity - conceptual clarifications The attractions of itemisation Biodiversity and environmental sustainability Time, history and biodiversity The dangers of moral trumps Chapter 11 Sustainability and human well-being Sustainability: of what, for whom and why? Economic accounts of sustainability Sustainability: weak and strong Human well-being and substitutability From preferences to needs Narrative, human well-being and sustainability Sustainability without capital Chapter 12 Public decisions and environmental goods Procedural rationality and deliberative institutions Decisions in context Responsibility and character What makes for good decisions?