Improving International Investment Agreements/

Introduction Céline Lévesque and Armand de Mestral

Part 1: IIA Treaty-making: evolution and evaluation
1. Developments in IIA treaty-making, Andrew Newcombe
2. The evolution of IIA practice in Canada and the United States, Céline Lévesque and Andrew Newcombe
3. The evolving role of the European Union in IIA treaty-making, Armand de Mestral
4. The evolution of Chinese approaches to IIAs, Chunbao Liu
5. A quantitative perspective on trends in IIA rules, Mark S. Manger
6. The costs and benefits of IIAs to developing countries: an economic perspective Amrita Ray Chaudhuri and Hassan Benchekroun

Part 2: Efficiency
7. Investment provisions in regional trade agreements: a more efficient solution? Armand de Mestral and Alireza Falsafi
8. Increasing use of alternative dispute resolution in IIAs, Céline Lévesque 9. Is it necessary to avoid substantive and procedural overlaps with other agreements in IIAs? Andreas R. Ziegler

Part 3: Legitimacy 10. Corporate investors’ international legal personality and their accountability for human rights violations under IIAs Patrick Dumberry
11. Investor misconduct Andrew Newcombe
12. Balancing IIA arbitration through the use of counterclaims Helene Bubrowski
13. Issues of corporate nationality in investment arbitration, Jean-François Hébert
14. Enhancing the legitimacy of international investment law by establishing an appellate mechanism Debra P. Steger

Part 4: Sustainability 15. The use of general exceptions in IIAs: increasing legitimacy or uncertainty? Andrew Newcombe
16. Sustainable development and IIAs: from objective to practice, Markus W. Gehring and Avidan Kent
17. Direct taxation, tax treaties and IIAs: mixed objectives, mixed results, Martha O’Brien and Kim Brooks
18. The impact of international law on IIA interpretation August Reinisch 19. The contribution of international investment law to public international law Armand de Mestral