Plant responses to environmental stresses from Phytohormones to Genome reorganization/ Lerner,H.R [ed.]

General concepts: introduction to the response of plants to environmental stresses; the importance of individuality; plant cell wall modifications induced by adaptation to growth on the herbicide 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile; gene switches and stress management -modulation of gene expression by transcription factors; stressful lifestyle-associated mutation in microorganisms; differentiation of vegetative anabaena cells into nitrogen-fixing heterocysts; genetic and epigenetic instability in tissue culture and regenerated progenies; the environment as an active generator of adaptive genomic variation; the effects of environmental stress on repetitive DNA behaviour in plants; plant evolution - towards an adaptive theory; oxidative stress as a regulator of environmental responses in plants; the alternative oxidase - is it a respiratory pathway allowing a plant to cope with stress? role of phytohormones in plant responses to stresses; regulation of gene expression by abscisic acid during environmental stress; abscisic acid - a long distance stress signal in salt-stressed plants. Plant responses to particular stresses or interactions with other organisms or viruses: metabolic aspects of phosphate starvation response in plants; the response of plants to oxygen deprivation - role of enzyme induction in the improvement of tolerance to anoxia; some effects of environmental factors on the acquisition of inorganic ions by higher plants; involvement of the cell wall in response to water deficit and flooding; stimulated shoot elongation - a mechanism of semiaquatic plants to avoid submergence stress; adaptation of the photosynthetic apparatus to stress conditions; root impedance - sensing, signalling, and physiological effects; the influence of temperature extremes on gene expression, genomic structure, and the evolution of induced tolerance in plants; regulation of g-aminobutyrate-synthesizing enzyme, glutamate decarboxylase, by calcium/calmodulin - a mechanism for rapid activation in response to stress; plant desiccation; evolutionary consequences of transition to a lichen symbolic state and physiological adaptation of oxidative damage associated with poikilohydry; the involvement of flavonoids, nod factors, and phytohormones in nodulation; conifer chemical defenses against bark beetles - the modulation of monoterpene biosynthesis by wounding, environmental stress and ethylene; plant responses to pathogens; viral pathogens and host plants interactions - mutual survival.