Multilingual Speech Processing/ Schultz, Tanja

Front cover; Title page; Copyright; Table of contents; List of Figures; List of Tables; front matter; Contributor Biographies; Foreword; body; Chapter 1 Introduction; Chapter 2 Language Characteristics; 2.1 Languages and Dialects; 2.2 Linguistic Description and Classification; 2.3 Language in Context; 2.4 Writing Systems; 2.5 Languages and Speech Technology; Chapter 3 Linguistic Data Resources; 3.1 Demands and Challenges of Multilingual Data-Collection Efforts; 3.2 International Efforts and Cooperation; 3.3 Data Collection Efforts in the United States; 3.4 Data Collection Efforts in Europe. 3.5 Overview of Existing Language Resources in Europe Chapter 4 Multilingual Acoustic Modeling; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Problems and Challenges; 4.3 Language Independent Sound Inventories and Representations; 4.4 Acoustic Model Combination; 4.5 Insights and Open Problems; Chapter 5 Multilingual Dictionaries; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Multilingual Dictionaries; 5.3 What Is a Word?; 5.4 Vocabulary Selection; 5.5 How to Generate Pronunciations; 5.6 Discussion; Chapter 6 Multilingual Language Modeling; 6.1 Statistical Language Modeling; 6.2 Model Estimation for New Domains and Speaking Styles. 6.3 Cross lingual Comparisons: A Language Modeling Perspective 6.4 Cross linguistic Bootstrapping for Language Modeling; 6.5 Language Models for Truly Multilingual Speech Recognition; 6.6 Discussion and Concluding Remarks; Chapter 7 Multilingual Speech Synthesis; 7.1 Background; 7.2 Building Voices in New Languages; 7.3 Database Design; 7.4 Prosodic Modeling; 7.5 Lexicon Building; 7.6 Non-native Spoken Output; 7.7 Summary; Chapter 8 Automatic Language Identification; 8.1 Introduction; 8.2 Human Language Identification; 8.3 Databases and Evaluation Methods; 8.4 The Probabilistic LID Framework. 8.5 Acoustic Approaches 8.6 Phonotactic Modeling; 8.7 Prosodic LID; 8.8 LVCSR-Based LID; 8.9 Trends and Open Problems in LID; Chapter 9 Other Challenges: Non-native Speech, Dialects, Accents, and Local Interfaces; 9.1 Introduction; 9.2 Characteristics of Non-native Speech; 9.3 Corpus Analysis; 9.4 Acoustic Modeling Approaches for Non-native Speech; 9.5 Adapting to Non-native Accents in ASR; 9.6 Combining Speaker and Pronunciation Adaptation; 9.7 Cross-Dialect Recognition of Native Dialects; 9.8 Applications; 9.9 Other Factors in Localizing Speech-Based Interfaces; 9.10 Summary. Chapter 10 Speech-to-Speech Translation10.1 Introduction; 10.2 Statistical and Interlingua-Based Speech Translation Approaches; 10.3 Coupling Speech Recognition and Translation; 10.4 Portable Speech-to-Speech Translation: The ATR System; 10.5 Conclusion; Chapter 11 Multilingual Spoken Dialog Systems; 11.1 Introduction; 11.2 Previous Work; 11.3 Overview of the ISIS System; 11.4 Adaptivity to Knowledge Scope Expansion; 11.5 Delegation to Software Agents; 11.6 Interruptions and Multi threaded Dialogs; 11.7 Empirical Observations on User Interaction with ISIS.