Environmental values/ John D'Neill

Chapter 1 Values and the environment
Environments and values
Living from the world
Living in the world
Living with the world
Addressing value conflicts
Value conflicts
The distribution of goods and harms
Addressing conflicts
Part One Utilitarian approaches to environmental decision making
Chapter 2 Human well-being and the natural world
Introduction
Welfare: hedonism, preferences and objective lists
The hedonistic account of well-being
Bentham and the felicific calculus
John Stuart Mill
Preference utilitarianism
Objectivist accounts of welfare
Whose well-being counts?
Making comparisons: utilitarianism, economics and efficiency
Chapter 3 Consequentialism and its critics
Introduction
Consequentialism pennits too much
What is the problem with consequentialism? The moral
standing of individuals
Rights, conflicts and community
Consequentialism demands too much
What is the problem with consequentialism? Agent-based
restrictions on action
Virtues and environmental concern
Consequentialist responses
Indirect utilitarianism
Extend the account of the good
Ethical pluralism and the limits of theory
Chapter 4 Equality, justice and environment
Utilitarianism and distribution
Equality in moral standing
Indirect utilitarian arguments for distributive equality
Economics, efficiency and equality
Willingness to pay
The Kaldor-Hicks compensation test
Discounting the future
Egalitarian ethics
Consequentialism without maximisation
The priority view
Telic egalitarianism
Deontological responses
Community, character and equality
Equality of what?
Chapter 5 Value pluralism, value commensurability and environmental
choice
Value monism
Value pluralism
Trading-off values
Constitutive incommensurabilities
Value pluralism, consequentialism, and the alternatives
Structural pluralism
Choice without commensurability
What can we expect from a theory of rational choice?
Part Two A new environmental ethic?
Chapter 6 The moral considerability of the non-human world
New ethics for old?
Moral considerability
Extending the boundaries of moral considerability
New theories for old?
Chapter 7 Environment, meta-ethics and intrinsic value
Meta-ethics and nonnative ethics
Intrinsic value
Is the rejection of meta-ethical realism compatible with an
environmental ethic?
Objective value and the flourishing of living things
Environmental ethics tlirough thick and thin
Chapter 8 Nature and the natural
Valuing the 'natural'
The complexity of 'nature'
Some distinctions
Natural and artificial
Natural and cultural
Nature as wilderness
The value of natural things
Nature conservation
A paradox?
On restoring the value of nature
Restitutive ecology
History, narrative and environmental goods
Part Three The narratives of nature
Chapter 9 Nature and narrative
Three walks
History and processes as sources of value
Going back to nature?
Old worlds and new
Narrative and nature
Chapter 10 Biodiversity: biology as biography
The itemising approach to environmental values
The nature of biodiversity - conceptual clarifications
The attractions of itemisation
Biodiversity and environmental sustainability
Time, history and biodiversity
The dangers of moral trumps
Chapter 11 Sustainability and human well-being
Sustainability: of what, for whom and why?
Economic accounts of sustainability
Sustainability: weak and strong
Human well-being and substitutability
From preferences to needs
Narrative, human well-being and sustainability
Sustainability without capital
Chapter 12 Public decisions and environmental goods
Procedural rationality and deliberative institutions
Decisions in context
Responsibility and character
What makes for good decisions?