The learner: nature and development/ B.N. Dash

1. Educational Psychology—Its Meaning, Nature, Scope and Importance for the Teacher
Educational Psychology as a Branch of Applied Psychology—Meaning of Psychology—Meaning of Science and Behavior—Meaning of the Term Educational Psychology—Nature of Educational Psychology—Scope of Educational Psychology— Unlimited Scope of Educational Psychology— Kearning's Report.

2. Growth and Development
Meaning of Growth and Development—Difference Between Growth and Development—Principles of Growth and Development.

3. Heredity and Environment
Signs of Pregnancy—Concept of Environment—Relative Importance of Heredity and Environment.

4. Intelligence
Meaning of Intelligence—^Nature of Intelligence— Theories of Intelligence—Classification of Intelligence Tests—Weschler Bellevue Intelligence Scale—Verbal Tests Vs. Non-Verbal and Performance Tests.

5. Creativity
Concept of Creativity—Nature of Creativity— Relationship of Creativity to Intelligence- Characteristics of Creative Persons—Identification of a Creative Child—Education Program for Development and Creativity.

6. Aptitude
Meaning of Aptitude—Types of Aptitude— Measurement of Aptitudes—Mechanical Aptitude Tests—Clerical Aptitude Tests. The Learning Process Meaning of Learning—What is Learning Process?—Learning Defined—Nature ' of Learning Characteristics of Learning—Maturation '" vs. Learning—Learning a Function of Maturation— Factors Affecting Learning—Major Issues or Typical Problems Confronting Learning Situations.

8. Theories of Learning
Association Theories of Learning—Classical Conditioning Theory—Basic of Operant
Conditioning—Significance of Operant Conditioning—Criticism of the Theory— Similarities and Difference between Classical Conditioning and Operant Conditioning—Operant Vs. Classical Conditioning—Educational Implications of Operant Conditioning—Cognitive Theories of Learning—Gestalt Theories of Learning—Characteristics of Gestalt—Principles of Gestalt Learning—Kobler's Experiments with Box and Stick Problems—Conclusion.

9. Motivation
The Nature of Motivation—Motivation in Classroom Learning—Concept of Motivation— Motivation Defined—Types of Motivation— Classification of Motives.

10. Personality
Concept of Personality—Definition of Personality— Determinants of Personality—Personality Maladjustment—Causes of Maladjustment—Role of the Teacher to Tackle Maladjustment Behavior of the Students.

11. Assessment of Personality
Aims and Objectives of Personality Assessment— Rating Scales—Interview Questionnaire.

12. Mental Health
Concept of Mental Health—Mental Health and Mental Hygiene—Importance of Mental Health— Importance of Family—Importance of School— Development of Good Mental Health—Conclusion— Defence Mechanism—Ego-Defence Mechanism.

13. Group Dynamics
The Formation of Groups—Meaning of Group Dynamics—Basic Assumption—Types of Groups— Classroom as a Group—Methods to Develop Group Mindedness Educational Implications of Group Dynamics.

14. Exceptional Children
Concept of Exceptional Children—Definitions of Exceptional Children—Identifications of the Exceptional Children—Development of Exceptional Children—Characteristics of Exceptional Children—Types of Exception Children—Gifted— Concept of Giftedness—Definition of the Term "Gifted Child"—Creative—Meaning and Definition of Creativity—Delinquent—Identification of Delinquency—Education Educationally Backward—Identification of Educationally Backward.

15. Elementary Educational Statistics
Meaning of Statistics—Derivation of the Term Statistics—Origin of the Term Statistics—Definition of the Term Statistics—Uses of Statistics— Measurement and Statistics are Complementary to Each Other—It Helps in Understanding Some Basic Statistical Concept—Statistics Helps in Correlating Data—Measurement of Central Tendency—Arithmetic Average or Mean (Merchants)—The Median (Mdn)—Mode (Mo)— Standard Deviation—Ungrouped Data—Grouped Data—Calculation of S.D. by Using Short Method—Correlation—Correlation and its Meaning—Methods of Studying Correlation—Steps for Calculation.