Part I Lectures -- Contact Geometry, Measurement and Thermodynamics -- Lectures on Geometry of Monge-Ampere Equations with Maple -- Geometry of Monge-Ampere structures -- Introduction to symbolic computations in differential geometry -- Part II Participants' Contributions -- On the geometry arising in some meteorological models in two and three dimensions -- Gas flow with phase transitions: thermodynamics and the Navier-Stokes equations -- Differential invariants in thermodynamics -- Monge-Ampere grassmannians, characteristic classes and all that -- Weak inverse problem of calculus of variations for geodesic mappings and relation to harmonic maps -- Integrability of geodesics of totally geodesic metrics.

This volume presents lectures given at the Summer School Wisła 18: Nonlinear PDEs, Their Geometry, and Applications, which took place from August 20 - 30th, 2018 in Wisła, Poland, and was organized by the Baltic Institute of Mathematics. The lectures in the first part of this volume were delivered by experts in nonlinear differential equations and their applications to physics. Original research articles from members of the school comprise the second part of this volume. Much of the latter half of the volume complements the methods expounded in the first half by illustrating additional applications of geometric theory of differential equations. Various subjects are covered, providing readers a glimpse of current research. Other topics covered include thermodynamics, meteorology, and the Monge–Ampère equations. Researchers interested in the applications of nonlinear differential equations to physics will find this volume particularly useful. A knowledge of differential geometry is recommended for the first portion of the book, as well as a familiarity with basic concepts in physics.